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by Richard W. Franke (Author), Pyralal Raghavan (Author), T. M. Thomas Isaac (Author)
The authors tell the story of a democratic workers' cooperative that makes hand-rolled cigarettes, known as "beedis," in the unorganized sector of a fiercely competitive capitalist economy in India. For decades, beedi workers have been among the most exploited and impoverished of India's work force. In 1969, in the southwestern Indian state of Kerala, several thousand workers banded together to form a worker-owned beedi cooperative. The authors argue that their skill and determination, combined with Kerala's generally leftist political culture, allowed them to beat the odds. The cooperative surprised the private sector beedi barons by creating an enterprise that has lasted and prospered, offering the best wages and benefits in the business, while making a profit and contributing to the local economy.The authors analyze the major features of the cooperative, assessing its overall structure, worker-elected management, shop floor democracy, and progress in providing a better life for its worker-owners. Tensions are also discussed, including the complaints of women workers and the need for diversification from tobacco.
Author Biography
T. M. Thomas Isaac is Associate Fellow at the Centre for Development Studies and is affiliated with the AKG Centre for Research and Studies in Kerala. He is coauthor of Modernization and Employment: The Coir Industry in Kerala, and seven books in Malayalam. Richard W. Franke is Professor of Anthropology at Montclair State University. He is the author or coauthor of three books. Pyaralal Raghavan received his Ph.D. in Economics from the Centre for Development Studies in Kerala.
