{"product_id":"from-enslavement-to-covid-19-a-history-of-african-american-health-and-labor-hardcover","title":"From Enslavement to Covid-19: A History of African American Health and Labor - Hardcover","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/reportcopyrightinfringement.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eReport copyright infringement\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eJoe William Trotter Jr\u003c\/b\u003e (Author)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, commentators opined that the high concentration of African Americans in dangerous and unsafe work and living environments exposed them to the virus at higher and deadlier rates than their Euro-American counterparts. In \u003ci\u003eFrom Enslavement to COVID-19\u003c\/i\u003e, Joe William Trotter Jr. delves into the historical context of this phenomenon.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFocusing on four historical periods--enslavement, emancipation, the industrial era, and the digital age--Trotter argues that rather than being anomalous, the fight for adequate health care and beneficial social service policies follows a similar trajectory as the movement of Black people from enslavement to freedom. Trotter emphasizes how the labor requirements of work shaped the African American encounter with disease, how white medical professionals developed stereotypes about the susceptibility of Black people to sickness, and how those professionals denied essential medical care to the country's most vulnerable. \u003ci\u003eFrom Enslavement to COVID-19\u003c\/i\u003e also highlights how people of African descent drew on their legacy of activism and community-building to improve their physical and mental conditions by creating programs and strategies to combat inequality and discrimination in the nation's health care system.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003ch3\u003eAuthor Biography\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eJoe William Trotter Jr. is Giant Eagle University Professor of History and Social Justice at Carnegie Mellon University.\u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 232\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.69 x 9.21 x 6.14 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eIllustrated:\u003c\/strong\u003e Yes\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e October 07, 2025\u003c\/div\u003e\n            ","brand":"BooksCloud","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45514759700582,"sku":"9781469690841","price":192.33,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0599\/7255\/0758\/files\/5jOu8zwZwM9781469690841.webp?v=1776379797","url":"https:\/\/infinitylightwa.com\/products\/from-enslavement-to-covid-19-a-history-of-african-american-health-and-labor-hardcover","provider":"Infinity Light","version":"1.0","type":"link"}